Chapter 13 The Worlds of the Fifteenth Century

Chapter 13 talks about trying to fix everything the Mongols did. Agriculture was a big deal in the 15th century and played a huge part in making success. The Mongols destroyed China and Europe. The societies had no authority so of course things weren't equal. The first part of the chapter is boring but the second part talks about comparing China and  Europe. In the 15th century people had hope that was the construction period. Those people had to be strong. Both China and Europe took voyages but for different reasons. Europe to voyages to get to there destination but China took voyages to to see how far they could get so just for the distance. That's all for me tonight my brains fried!

The Mongols Debate!

Mongolos Positives

1. had a organized military
2. had more freedom didn't force religion on the people
3. the women had more rights
4. empire grew  and improved
5. the rulers offered merchants 10% and let them use the relay stations free

Mongols Negatives
1. high taxes were collected

Chapter 12 Pastoral People on the Global Stage

Chapter 12 focuses on the Mongols. The Mongols were known for their strong military. There military was well organized and well trained. They had a complex economy with lots of trade. Architecture was also a plus. The Mongols never stayed in one place for a long time and mainly focused on agriculture. After reading I was kinf od fascinated with these people. They were called nomads for always shifting there herds. They were also famous for creating saddles.  They used horses to help them in many ways; many as transportation. Buddhism was the religion for their culture. The population was smaller than a civilization.
When there empire expanded they started conquering other peoples society. Many historians think the Mongols were brute, uncontrollable, and had no mercy. The Mongols also at the time didn't like Chinese.

Chapter 11 The world of Islam

In 1979 the Iranian Revolution occured which was war between Israel and Arab neighbors. When Islam expanded throughout Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia it was very successful. By the beginning of the 21st cenutry 22% of the worlds population was Muslim. Muhammad Ibn Abdullah was the main guy responsible for the emerge of new religion. The nomadic Arabs inhabitated the Arabian Peninsula. I didn't like this chapter. One thing that caught my eye was their rules. The Quran rights were interesting. Islamic civilization overall was stable. They were able to trade and produce lots of goods. Agriculture products were exchanged widely.

Chapter 10 The Worlds of European Christendon

Chapter 10 talks about Eastern Europe and Western Europe religious beliefs. The main religion was Christianity. Christianity rose from a small Jewish community. People belived in different things. Religion played a great role in many peoples lives. Caesar was head of the church and made all the decisions. Back then church was treated like the governemnt  that's different from now. Byzantium Empire used the roman roads, tax system, and the military structure. Constanipole was the new Rome. I found this chapter interesting because religion is important to alot of people.

Chapter 8 Commerce and Culture

Chapter 8 mainly talks about silk roads. Silk roads made a huge impact on agriculture back then.  Without silk roads the civilizations wouldn't have made it. Just like without busses and cars how would be get around today? Some distances are too far to walk!! The people used silk roads to transport food and other goods. People even traded silk roads because they knew how valuable they were and most people wanted them. O yes, you also need a camel if traveling long distance. Silk was also known for its fashion. People that worry it and bought it were living a luxury life. So silk was a big advantage for everyone.

Chapter 9 China and the World

This chapter talks about China being a stable civilization with lots of power. The two main dynastys were the Han Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty. They were able to survive and live ok because canals helped them financially. The water way canals helped the city and were about 30,000 miles. Water was very important back then just like it is to us now. There was also plenty of work because lots of people worked together to better China. The two dynastys kept the people together with peace.

Chapter 7 Classical Era Variations

The Bantu people helped develop the clsassical era. Bantu was a langauage that people had to learn. They were forest specialist and knew how to produce homey, elephant products, and animal skin. They migrated across Africa. They were apart of the hunter gather and convinced other people.

Chapter 6 Eurasian Social Hierarchies

Chapter six focuses on social hierarchies. People were judged on how much money they had and what clothes they wore. The chapter mainly covers China, Rome, and India. China had the best hiearchary to me. Money and race also had a huge impact on social class. Civilizations became more stable and made improvement. The picture on page 159 caught my attention. It shows Chinese peasants farming plowing and planting crops. The second part of the chapter talks about slavery in the classical era. In China slavery was a minoe element but was a big factor in Rome.

Chapter 5 Cultural traditions

Chapter 5 mainly focuses on Hinduism. Buddhism is connect on Hinduism. Hinduism is about peace, love, and sacrifices. People like it becuause it was a accesilbe religion. Even today the same traditions are followed from 500 BCE. Legalism was later developed to have organization and set rules. Without any laws people would be wild and have nothing to follow. The mian religious I thought were interesting were Hinduism and Buddhism. Hinduism seemed the most equal and balanced. Buddhism changed the way people thought about culture.  

Chapter 4 Eurasian Empires

This chapter is mainly about empires. The first empires were formed in in the Middle East. For example, the Babylonian, Akkadian, and Assyrian. The Greek and Persian empires were the popular ones. Coinage seems like a good idea to me. The Persian empire had coinage so maintain the city. Coinage was taxing the people. The Greeks had anexcellent governemt. Unlike most places people were treated equall. Equality is a huge deal and thats positive the people had there rights. I was shocked the governemnt was so stable. Greek had many different cities and was full of mountains and valleys. This chapter wasn't interesting to me at all!

Chapter 3 First Civilizations

The first place civilization showed up was in Southern Mesopotamia. It stared around 3500 BCE to 3000 BCE. After a short time civilization rose in Africa. The people worked and exchanged things. For example they traded cotton, beans, fishing nets, and squash. The upper class people were wealthy and owned landed. being rich and making profits was important to them. The rich people were able to get away with crimes. That's not fair, but I guess life isn't either. The rich people had the best positions in the military. They also didn't have to do any labor. Even though society developed a while ago is still has improving to do.

Discovering The Global Past

This chapter talked about written communication. Petroglyphys was craving on the cave wall and Petro grams were painting that told stories about the history. I thought this packet was going to be long and boring, I was kind of interested. The painting look beautiful I don't even people these days can paint like that anymore. The Sumerians started the written system. There were two writing systems Ideographic and Phonetic. Phonetic system was about sound and Ideographic was about thoughts. The writing system spread to China, Egypt, and Central America. Good thing the language was developed so people can communicate well. Papyrus was a type of paper that the Egyptians developed. 

Chapter 2 First Farmers

Chapter two focuses on the first farmers and agriculture. Agriculture started 12,000 years ago. Agriculture helps are meat and vegetbales to keep the people healthy. Without agriculture life would be hard for me because I'm not good at hunting. They were lucky to have farming because spme places didn't. The places that didn't had to rely on animals. I love fruit and vegetbales and appreciate agriculture. The Americans didn't have much supply on cereal grains, instead they had corn from Mexico.
The picture on pg 49 caught my attention. It shows how important it is to take care of and raise the animals. The animals were used for meat, pulling power, transportation and manure. Horses and bulls were important animals.

WATER Please!

Man those people use to waste a lot of water. That's crazy because many people are in need of clean drinking water. In the Ancien World water was used for flooding and waterworks for weapons. Water is one of the main surving tools. The Egyptians also used water- lifting machines for irrigation. I wasn't that interested in this.

Prologue/ First Peoples

Wow i didn't know the first  people that lived on earth was 250,00 years ago. I also didn't know those places were southern and eastern Africa. Back then instead of school the humans taught themselves how to make stuff and survive. They liked going hunting and fishing a lot. The kind of weapons they used were blades and also did things with stones. Even though that was a really long time ago the humans had rules. Some of there rules are the same rules being followed today. For example, adultery and incest.Gross!

I think I would enjoy spending a couple weeks with the Sans people. I bet living a stress free life is the best. Everything is equal and theres peace. Another thing that caught my attention is how they loved beads just like me!!

back in business...!

Chapter 24 pg. 747-755

The rest of chapter 24 talks about the global environment. There has been lots of change. Population increase was a big deal and I was shocked to see how much it grew. Global warming became an issue in 2000. 30% of global warming  is from the United Sates. Good things lots of people and organizations work to save the environment now. Back then people didn't care and everything was dieing.
Sims

Women Issues in Presidential Race

Amy Gehrt: Women to play prominent role in presidential election

Read more: Amy Gehrt: Women to play prominent role in presidential election - Woburn, MA - Woburn Advocate http://www.wickedlocal.com/woburn/archive/x1170667167/Amy-Gehrt-Women-to-play-prominent-role-in-presidential-election#ixzz1s3XkGxIB

The protracted Republican presidential primary race is wrapping up, leaving Mitt Romney poised to claim victory. But even with a win all but assured, that doesn’t mean it is smooth sailing for the presumptive nominee.
Instead, the former Massachusetts governor will have a much bigger battle on his hands this fall. And in this fight, President Barack Obama is the one with the advantage.
According to a recent USA Today/Gallup poll conducted in 12 swing states — Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Michigan, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin — Obama boasts a 51-42 lead over Romney in the general election.
While that may not seem insurmountable in and of itself, when one takes a closer look at the breakdown of those voters the difficulty of closing that gap becomes more apparent.
That’s because one critical constituency is credited with providing the incumbent Democrat with such a commanding edge: women. Men are about evenly split between Obama and Romney, but women favor the president by 18 percentage points. Those numbers are even more telling when examined alongside polling data taken in mid-February, when just under half of women under 50 supported Obama.
Of course that uptick in support for Obama is hardly surprising, given that the Republican Party began waging a war on women in recent months. It does, however, mean women’s issues will play a prominent role in the presidential campaign season.
And that could spell trouble for Romney, who has made a series of missteps when it comes to weighing in on issues such as birth control, Planned Parenthood and abortion. In fact, his inconsistent comments have caused such a stir in the past that any time a question related to a women’s issue arises on the campaign trail he appears incapable of even expressing his own viewpoint, preferring to defer to his wife Ann.
For example, when asked during campaign stop in Middleton, Wis., last week about the contraceptives controversy Romney said, “I wish Ann were here ... to answer that question in particular.”
Obama, meanwhile, seems to have a much firmer grasp of the issues facing female voters. Friday, the president hosted a conference on women and the economy. He used the opportunity to highlight some of his administration’s accomplishments on women’s issues — including equal pay, health care reform, getting more girls into science and math classes and workplace flexibility.
But, he noted, the issues women care about most affect everyone. “When we talk about these issues that primarily impact women, we’ve got to realize they are not just women’s issues. They are family issues, they are economic issues, they are growth issues, they are issues about American competitiveness,” Obama said.

The protracted Republican presidential primary race is wrapping up, leaving Mitt Romney poised to claim victory. But even with a win all but assured, that doesn’t mean it is smooth sailing for the presumptive nominee.
Instead, the former Massachusetts governor will have a much bigger battle on his hands this fall. And in this fight, President Barack Obama is the one with the advantage.
According to a recent USA Today/Gallup poll conducted in 12 swing states — Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Michigan, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin — Obama boasts a 51-42 lead over Romney in the general election.
While that may not seem insurmountable in and of itself, when one takes a closer look at the breakdown of those voters the difficulty of closing that gap becomes more apparent.
That’s because one critical constituency is credited with providing the incumbent Democrat with such a commanding edge: women. Men are about evenly split between Obama and Romney, but women favor the president by 18 percentage points. Those numbers are even more telling when examined alongside polling data taken in mid-February, when just under half of women under 50 supported Obama.
Of course that uptick in support for Obama is hardly surprising, given that the Republican Party began waging a war on women in recent months. It does, however, mean women’s issues will play a prominent role in the presidential campaign season.
And that could spell trouble for Romney, who has made a series of missteps when it comes to weighing in on issues such as birth control, Planned Parenthood and abortion. In fact, his inconsistent comments have caused such a stir in the past that any time a question related to a women’s issue arises on the campaign trail he appears incapable of even expressing his own viewpoint, preferring to defer to his wife Ann.
For example, when asked during campaign stop in Middleton, Wis., last week about the contraceptives controversy Romney said, “I wish Ann were here ... to answer that question in particular.”
Obama, meanwhile, seems to have a much firmer grasp of the issues facing female voters. Friday, the president hosted a conference on women and the economy. He used the opportunity to highlight some of his administration’s accomplishments on women’s issues — including equal pay, health care reform, getting more girls into science and math classes and workplace flexibility.
But, he noted, the issues women care about most affect everyone. “When we talk about these issues that primarily impact women, we’ve got to realize they are not just women’s issues. They are family issues, they are economic issues, they are growth issues, they are issues about American competitiveness,” Obama said.
Romney, too, spoke of the importance of economic issues to women last week, but even then he once again cited his wife, telling the Newspaper Association of America, “She reports to me regularly that the issue women care about most is the economy, and getting good jobs for their kids and for themselves.”
Don’t get me wrong. I am all for consulting experts, and I firmly believe it is essential to have strong female voices speaking out on behalf of women. However, being the leader of the free world means one must be able to address issues facing all Americans — regardless of their gender, race, ethnicity or sexual orientation — equally.
If Romney can only form an opinion on an issue from within his own demographic, he has no business running for president of anything. But I guess his campaign staffers can always shake the Etch-A-Sketch and craft yet another new image for their not-so-fearless leader before November.
Amy Gehrt may be reached at agehrt@pekintimes.com. The views expressed in this column are not necessarily those of the newspaper.

Read more: Amy Gehrt: Women to play prominent role in presidential election - Woburn, MA - Woburn Advocate http://www.wickedlocal.com/woburn/archive/x1170667167/Amy-Gehrt-Women-to-play-prominent-role-in-presidential-election#ixzz1s3Xg3rVH

Chp 24 pg. 740-747

The rest of the chapter talked about the development in religion and society. People took things more seriously and started changing somethings they did. For example, woman wore dresses and veil. Fasting and praying became more important. People started praying everyday. I don't understand how people fast, I'm glad I'm not in a religon. I don't have to worry about those things!

Chp.24 pg. 734-739

This part of the chapter talks about lots of violence. Lots of children were lost and involved in things kids shouldn't be doing. Lots of the kids were prostituting and in gangs. These pages also talked about the feminist movement. This movement occured all over the world. Women have came a long way!!

Women of the Arab Spring Ms. Magazine

http://www.msmagazine.com/spring2011/womenofthearabspring.asp
The Middle East’s pro-democracy uprisings may well be the latest in a long line of gifts (algebra, soap, even the fork) that Arab civilizations have given the world. Yet one might think only men were risking, and sometimes losing, their lives in these protests—and definitely leading them.
But women were (and are) involved at every stage, including leadership. This doesn’t surprise those familiar with Arab feminism, since women have been the most consistent advocates of civil society across the region. In most of these countries women suffer from such discriminatory legislation as “guardianship laws,” which imprison them in the status of minors, so they’re well aware that “democracy” for half the people isn’t democracy. But they also have reason to be wary about how male-defined revolutions betray women.
Western instances of this abound, but a notorious Arab example is fitting. During the Algerian revolt against French colonialism, women fought and died beside men in the underground, certain that their own future equality was at stake. But with independence won, their “revolutionary brothers” sent them back to the kitchen.
So it’s crucial to document the vital role women play in these uprisings, and how they’re planning to ensure that in post-revolutionary and transitional periods they (and democracy) won’t be double-crossed again.
Each country’s situation is volatile and different, and Ms. will stay with the ongoing story. This report will focus on Tunisia and Egypt, the two “post-revolutionary” states as of this writing.
Tunisia, where the ferment began and the “Jasmine Revolution” toppled President Zine el Abidine Ben Ali, demolishes stereotypes. In the country’s (relatively) progressive, secular society, women have had access to contraception since 1962 and abortion since 1965—eight years before Roe v. Wade. After independence from France in 1956, the government abolished polygamy and legislated women’s equality in marriage, divorce and child custody. Later, a minimum marriage age of 18 was established, as were penalties for domestic violence. Still, daughters could inherit only half of what sons could, and a husband could hold property a wife acquired during marriage.
So Tunisian women, their democratic yearnings deepened by their feminist ones, were ready to rebel. Blogger Lina Ben Mhenni was probably first to alert the world to Tunisian protests, in December 2010. (Despite threats and censorship, she persists.) And women flocked to rallies— wearing veils, jeans and miniskirts— young girls, grandmothers, female judges in their court robes. They ousted a despot and inspired a region.
But building a new society is a different challenge. Feminist Raja bin Salama, a vocal critic of fundamentalist subjugation of women, called for Tunisia’s new laws to be based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. She was denounced by Rashid al-Ghannouchi, exiled head of the Islamist party Ennahda, who vowed to hang her in Tunis’ Basij Square. He has now returned to Tunisia.
Still, Khadija Cherif, former head of the Tunisian Association of Democratic Women, guarantees women will continue to defend separation of mosque and state, saying, “The force of the Tunisian feminist movement is that we’ve never separated it from the fight for democracy and a secular society.”
The revolution Tunisia pioneered, Egypt made a trend, and one facilitated by women. Despite decades of dictatorship, a long-established feminist movement has survived there. Women had been key to the 1919 revolution against the British, but after independence were ignored by the ruling Wafd Party. The feminist movement erupted in 1923 when Huda Sha’rawi publicly stripped off her veil.
Remaining as active as possible in an autocracy, the movement embraces many NGOs and activists, reflected in the women at Tahrir Square who represented “all generations and social classes,” according to Amal Abdel Hady of the New Woman Foundation. At Tahrir Square’s checkpoints, men frisked men; women, women; and while there were several men’s lines to each one for women, that’s because in the past men—protesters as well as police— sexually harassed women so severely during protests that few women demonstrated. But Hady also noticed that the media paid much less attention to the women, fostering a perception that only men were in charge.
Yet, the action had been precipitated by a 26-year-old woman whom Egyptians now call “Leader of the Revolution.” On January 18, Asmaa Mahfouz uploaded a short video to YouTube and Facebook in which she announced, “Whoever says women shouldn’t go to protests because they will get beaten, let him have some honor and manhood and come with me on January 25.” The video went viral. The planned one-day demonstration became a popular revolution.
Soon, unsung protest coordinator Amal Sharaf—a 36-year-old English teacher, single mother and member of the organizers’ April 6 Youth Movement—was spending days and nights in the movement’s tiny office, smoking furiously and overseeing a crew of men. Google employee Wael Ghonim, who privately administered one of the Facebook pages that were the movement’s virtual headquarters, would later become an icon—but after he was arrested, young Nadine Wahab, an Egyptian American expert on new-media advocacy, took over, strengthening the online presence.
While Women of Egypt, a Facebook group, assembled a photo gallery of women’s role in the protests, neighborhood women wielding clubs patrolled their streets for security once the police vanished. “We see women, Islamist or not Islamist, veiled or not veiled, coming together and leading what’s happening on the ground,” said Magda Adly of the El Nadim Center for the Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence to Inter Press Service. “We’ll never go back to square one.”
Nonetheless, Nawla Darwish of the New Woman Foundation fears that because women weren’t pushing their own rights during the demonstrations, they’ll be ignored. “We are living in a patriarchal society,” she told Al-Masry Al-Youm, an Egyptian newspaper. And even the January 25 revolution may not be enough to change that.
Such fears are being realized. Nehad Abou El Komsan, chair of the Egyptian Center for Women’s Rights, is indignant that women have been left out of the political dialogue since Mubarak was ousted. Deplorably, the committee to redraft the constitution excluded women, even female legal experts. The Egyptian Center for Women’s Rights issued a statement denouncing the exclusion, signed to date by 102 Egyptian women’s organizations. So far, no response.
Egypt’s leading feminist, Nawal El Saadawi, now 80, feels a new social compact emerged in Tahrir Square: “But how to sustain this? We learned from Algeria. Women became angry when we heard the constitutional committee had not a single woman. Then the men dismissed our statement, since it was only paper. So we began planning a march and we are reestablishing the Egyptian Women’s Union—which had been banned—as an umbrella organization. We must unite for political power or men will exclude us. Once we are in the streets in millions, it’s not paper.”
Meanwhile, women persevere with stunning courage across the region.
In Yemen, protests were sparked by the arrest of 32-year-old Tawakul Karman, head of Women Journalists Without Chains. Now released, she insists, “There is no solution [to extremism] other than spreading the culture of coexistence and dialogue, skills that women master and possess.” In Bahrain, when police fired teargas at Shia women in chadors chanting anti-government slogans, the women sat down, and only after the police fled the caustic fumes did they leave. In Algeria, feminists marched, chanting, “Away with the family code!” In Gaza, Palestinians rallied, demanding that Hamas and Fatah unite, while Asma al-Ghoul, a young journalist known for her defiant feminism, called for a secular Palestine. In Libya, the revolt is, at this writing, still convulsively violent, including little-noticed reports of mass rape by government-hired mercenaries. Even less known is that it all began at the Benghazi attorney general’s office with a sit-in by lawyers and judges—led by Salwa Bugaighis, a lawyer in her mid-40s.
As Ms. goes to press, protests still are igniting in Jordan, Morocco, Libya, Oman, Sudan, Iraq, Lebanon and Djibouti. International Women’s Day demonstrations were staged in Kuwait, Bahrain, Yemen and Egypt. Rallies are even being planned in Saudi Arabia. In Iran—which is Persian, not Arab— thousands took to the streets against the theocracy. A regional young feminist action alliance, Women United for the Future of the Middle East, has just formed.
These women, who must confront first tyrants and then comrades, refuse to be stopped.
One last example. Syria, tightly controlling of its populace, boasts of setting records for women’s advancement. Vice President Najah al-Attar is the first woman in the Arab world to hold such a position (however questionable her real power). Yet in February, Tal al-Molouhi, a 19-year-old high-school student, stood in court chained and blindfolded and was sentenced to five years imprisonment. She had blogged about longing for a role in building Syria’s future.
Tal is that future. Sixty percent of the population in these countries is under age 30—and more than half is female.

Chp. 24 pg.723-734

Chapter 24 talks about gloablization. The world started having political relationships and cultural influences in the 20th century. Everything changed after world war two. Barbie and Ken were popular and both made in China. I didn't even know that!
-Sims

Martin Luther King and Gandhi Quotes

Ghandi
“Be the change you want to see in the world.”
“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.”
Martin Luther King 
"At the center of non-violence stands the principle of love."
"I have decided to stick with love. Hate is too great a burden to bear."

These quotes are the best ones I could find. Gandhi and Martin Luther King were both peace makers. They both wanted to improve the society and help people do better in life. Love and Peace is the better way to go because violence doesn't help anything. They were both powerful positive role models.
-Sims  

 

Chp. 23 Global South

Nelson Mandela became president of South African after doing 27 years in prison. Ghandi wanted freedom and lots of countries gained freedom. This reading was boring.
-Sims

Chp. 22 pg.675-689

Their was a war between the United States and the Soviet Union. The war was called the Coldwar and occured after world war two. Communism grew big and spread across the world. In the 20th century Communism collapsed. It collapsed because the leaders lost interest. The wierd part to me was how their was no fighting in the cold war. Both places had atomic bombs to use on each other.
-Sims

Section 5 and section 6

I don't even think I would be able to survive working all those hours. Spraying those dangerous chemicals and working in the hot sun is hell. The sad part about it is everyone wanted to work to survive so their was huge competition. You had to work hard and wasn't even allowed to get sick because someone could easily take your spot. Gosh what a cold world, I feel sorry for those people.
-Sims

Chapter 22 pg.659-674

The first part of the chapter talks about rise of communism and the feminist movement. Women started working and getting better education. Women just began independence. The picture on page 669 caught my attention because two women are learning how to drive  a tractor on the farm. The chapter also talked about China passing the marriage law in 1950. People were able to easily divorce and had free choice in marriage. I actually enjoyed this reading!
-Sims

Chapter 21

Chapter 21 talks about alot of things. The problems Europe faced, World War 1, and World War 2. Women had more rights and also did work. In 1929 the Great Depression hurt many people. Most people lived in proverty. Hitler was in jail during World War 1, he wrote a book being racist towards Jewish people.
-Sims

LIVING JUSTICE

The handout focuses on poverty and rights. Teaching Catholic was very important at the time. Their is a total of nine different Catholic themes. The seventh part talks about the economy. It was very poor and the people stressed about the development.

Chp. 20 pg 607-614

The African culture needed hope so they practiced Christianity. Education and Religion began to rise in the colonial era at the same time. Religion was apart of the education. Nothing else really caught my attention
Sims

Chp.20 pg.589-606

During the Colonial Encounters violence was a big deal. Many individuals cooperated with authorities. The colonial rules interferred with the way people worked. The colonial state had power to tax people and to bulid railroads. The image on pg. 600 was very disturbing to me. The two young man both got their hand cut off. In Africa people lost their farms and migrated to European farms.
-Sims

INVISIBLE HAND

I actually enjoyed reading about Adam Smiths theory. He's right all people have different demands. His theory mainly helps free market. It may actually be a good way to make money. Maybe the market should be left alone.  I like his theory and not it is used as the basic for all economic decision making.
-Sims

Chp.18 pg.541-556

During the Industrial Revolution factories were used and there was new inventions. Machines were used to do work and the process spread equally. The workig class were the wage earners and the middle class owned the factories. The middle class had all the money.The The Industrial era spread globally. Industrialization made lots of changes.

Chp.18 pg.527-541

This chapter is all about the Industrial Revolution. The revolution took place in Great Britain. The steam engine was a big development. It was used to transport stuff and was attached to the train. People use to also dig for coal. Digging for coal was dangerous and the people didn't have the appropriate equipment. Because it was such hard work and small hands were needed to get the Coal, lots of kids worked. Middle class owned the factories in the city and peasants worked for stuff. For example,milk and bread.
-Sims

Chp. 17 pg.507-524

This chapter was mainly about the Haitian Revolution. It was the richest counrty because they made coffee and sugar. The females started getting jobs, and being able to do thing in the society. The part that sucks is that most of the people where slaves and the rest where white. Haitian also was the first country to gain independence, I didn't lnow that.
-Sims

Chp.17 pg.504-507

The reading was all about the French Revolutin. The reading was short so I liked that! The French government tried to make a fair system but it was opposed. They were going into bankruptcy. The king also wanted to raise taxes to make things equal. I also thought Napoline was a cool guy and helped out France alot.
-Sims

CHP.17 PG.499-504

The American Revolution gave birth to the United States and the Haitia Revolution was the first slave revolt in history. The modern states of Latin America emerged. Even though slavery was abolished in the northern states it was still a huge thing in the southern states. Reading wasn't the best again.

-Sims

Intro to Part 5

The intro just let me know hat the next chapter is about modern society and Europe progress. Europe took over America and was well known, I didn't know that! The Europeans were smart and had good ideas. People use to try to take advantage and steal the European ideas.
- Sims

THE AMERICANS

Thats weird to me how all those people considered themselves American. Also kind of crazy how Native Americans think they were the first people here even though its not truth.  Africans were the first people. The article also talked about Canada and the United States not being united as one country. US and Canada together adds up too about 300 million people. That was a fact that stood out to me that I didn't know. 

- Sims

What is Enlightenment?

Man I don't know what the hell this dude was talking bout. I kind of though he was speaking in a completely different language. I think he was talking about freedom from self-imposed for example a religion or king. People today can't predict future generations. What is tutelage? Reading was a little too difficult to understand. 

-Sims

Chp.16 pg.477-488

The first discovery was that the Sun is the center of the Universe. I didn't know the Islamic world was advanced scientifically. Galleio invented the telescope. Kaozheng came from China to seek the truth from facts.  Personally I think it's dumb that kids had to learn religion at school during the revolution.The end of the chapter is mainly about the scientific revolution.
- Sims

Chp 16 pg.461-477

This chapter is mainly about Christianity. Year zero was the year Christ was born. It all started with the Roman Empire. Christianity became global because of struggles with Islam and because empire spread it. Christianity spread fast. This part of the reading didn't really catch my attention to much. One thing that did was the Hindu practice of sati, which is when a widow follows her husband when he dies by throwing herself on his funeral pyre. 

- Sims

Chp.15 pg.449-458

the end of the chapter was mainly about the slave trade. Slavery was very big in America. White people made huge profit trading slaves. I'm glad times have changed and slavery isn't important anymore.The picture on pg.451 made me a little frustrated. I didn't like seeing all the Africans squished together below deck on the slave ship. It's very disturbing!

Chp 15 pg.433-448

The chapter talks about the different trade routes. Portugal was a trading post empire and wanted control. Spain traded to the Philippines. Dutch traded to the islands, they liked spices. English traded cotton to India. Commerce is what drove globalization. Spices was the main thing traded because their was always a high demand. Nutmeg, pepper, and Cinnamon were popular. 
-Sims

Sweet Nexus:Sugar and the Orgins of the Modern Wold

Wow this handout was extremely long!!! My brain felt fried after reading this lol. Reading this handout actually frustrated me. It showed a lot of racism towards blacks. White people thought slavery was perfectly okay and it wasn't!! Without the slaves sugar wouldn't have spread so fast. The slave workers did hard work that the whites didn't want to do. "Black Labor, White sugar" what an annoying quote! Gosh Africans and African Americans deserve any apology! 

-Sims

Chp 14 pg.417-430

The people that caught my attention were Enriquillo and Bartolome de a Casas. Enriquillo was a famous man who led a rebellion and established a grant from Spain. Bartolome de a Casas was a European priest that wrote papers about what he saw and he was also a rights fighter. They were both brave powerful men. The Russian Empire was the worlds largest country, well organized, and traded furs and alcohol. Vice Royalty of Mexico was my favorite because they weren't racist and didn't have slaves. They were also wealthy  and had lots of food so no one starved.
-Sims!

Chapter 14 pg.403-417

I thought the reading was very boring. Only a few things caught my attention for example all the powerful people wore gold. I also enjoy wearing gold. Lots of people traded gold and silver. The empires made a huge impact and without them we wouldn't be where we are today. Sugar was also important to everyone.Sugar was how people made there money. The chapter is also kind of depressing because it talks about the Great Dying when lots of people got sick and died from diseases. 90% of the people were Native Americans. The last thing that seemed funny to me was that Columbus sent recipes to people.
- Sims